危险废物铝灰渣中氟化物检测技术研究

Study on Fluoride Detection Technology in Aluminum Ash Residue of Hazardous Waste

电解铝生产过程中一般会加入一定量的冰晶石助熔,导致产生的铝灰渣中含有一定量的水溶性无机氟化物,对堆渣周边的水及土壤产生危害。本文主要研究了水溶性无机氟化物的不同前处理方法、不同测定方法对其含量测定结果的影响。通过实验发现,翻转振荡法比水平振荡法的测定结果高约10%-17%;氟离子选择电极法与离子色谱法测定结果一致,但前者检测成本更低。采用水提取—翻转振荡法提取,氟离子选择电极法测定水溶性无机氟化物,选择性较高,加标回收率介于97.0%-101%之间,可以测定氟化物含量10mg/L-5000 mg/L的铝灰渣,对铝灰渣的进一步处置提供良好的数据支撑。

In the process of electrolytic aluminum production, a certain amount of cryolite can be added so that this aluminum ash residue contains a certain amount of water-soluble inorganic fluoride, which is harmful to the water and soil around the slag. This paper studies the effects of different pretreatment methods and different detection methods on the content of water-soluble inorganic fluoride. Experiment shows that, with regard to the detection results of the content of water-soluble inorganic fluoride, the rotary oscillation method is about 10%-17% higher than that of the horizontal oscillation method and the fluorine ion selective electrode method is consistent with ion chromatography, but the fluorine ion selective electrode method has a low cost. Water-soluble inorganic fluoride is extracted by the water extraction-rotary oscillation method and detected by fluorine ion selective electrode method with high selectivity, adding standard recovery is between 97.0% and 101%. By doing so, the aluminum ash residue contents of 10 to 5000 mg/L water-soluble inorganic fluoride can be detected to provide good data support for further disposal of aluminum ash.