山东省烟台市2013-2016年发热伴血小板减少综合征聚集性疫情分析

Analysis on an outbreak of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome from 2013 to 2016 in Yantai, Shandong

目的调查2013-2016年山东省烟台市发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)聚集疫情的发生原因、传播方式和危险因素,为防控工作提供科学依据。方法调查SFTS病例的流行病学史、病例间的暴露史、家养动物感染状况、媒介生物情况;应用RT-PCR、双抗原夹心法对血清标本进行检测。结果 2013-2016年烟台市共发生4起SFTS聚集疫情,其中蓬莱市2起,海阳和栖霞市各1起,共涉及病例17例,其中男性11例,女性6例,均发生在农村。聚集疫情发生原因为直接接触确诊病例及共同暴露于危险外环境。结论医疗机构应加强培训,并做好院内感染控制;开展健康宣传教育,增强个人防护意识;医疗机构需规范处理确诊病例尸体,并告知家属防控知识;疾病预防控制机构对密切接触者应进行健康随访和指导疫点进行环境治理和牲畜灭蜱。

Objective To investigate the source, transmission route and risk factors of an outbreak of severe fever withthrombocytopenia syndrome（SFTS）, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods To investigate thecases＇ epidemiological history, exposure history, domesticated animals infection status and biological disease vectors. Thereal-time PCR and double antigen sandwich test were applied for pathogen detection Results Four clustered outbreakswhich occurred in rural areas involved two in Penglai city, one in Haiyang city and Qixia city from 2013 to 2016. Theseclustered outbreak involved 17 cases. There were 11 male and 6 female cases. Four cluster outbreak reason was dividedinto two kinds. One was direct contact with confirmed cases and another was exposed to the suspicious externalenvironment. Conclusion Medical staff need training for hospital infection control and strengthened health education.Family members should strengthen the personal protection and avoid contacting with the patient＇s blood or secretions. Thehuman body of death case needs to be processed properly. The close follow up should be carried out, environmentalmanagement and tick control should be implemented as needed.