江西省肿瘤登记地区儿童青少年恶性肿瘤流行情况

Epidemiological analysis of prevalence of malignant tumor in children and adolescents from tumor registries in Jiangxi Province

目的了解江西省肿瘤登记地区0～24岁儿童青少年恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况及其变化趋势,为江西省儿童青少年人群恶性肿瘤防控研究提供参考。方法收集2009—2016年江西省肿瘤登记地区儿童青少年恶性肿瘤数据,计算主要恶性肿瘤的粗发病/死亡率、标化率、率的变化百分比(percentage change,PC)及年度变化百分比(annual percentage change,APC)等指标。结果 2009—2016年,江西省儿童青少年恶性肿瘤粗发病率为9.66/10万,中国人口标化发病率为9.35/10万;粗死亡率为3.86/10万,中国人口标化死亡率为3.79/10万。发病率男性(9.98/10万)高于女性(9.31/10万),城市(10.33/10万)高于农村(9.40/10万);死亡率男性(4.24/10万)高于女性(3.44/10万),城市(4.13/10万)高于农村(3.76/10万),差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。白血病、脑及神经系统肿瘤位居江西省儿童青少年恶性肿瘤发病前2位;白血病、脑及神经系统肿瘤、肝癌和骨癌居死亡前4位;江西省肿瘤登记地区儿童青少年恶性肿瘤发病率趋势呈先上升后下降(P<0.05);不同性别、不同地区死亡率变化相对平稳(P值均>0.05)。结论白血病、脑及神经系统、肝癌是江西省肿瘤登记地区儿童青少年恶性肿瘤主要癌种,应加强儿童青少年肿瘤的产前检查与早期诊治。

Objective To understand the incidence,mortality and changing tendency of malignant tumor in children and adolescents aged 0-24 in the cancer registry area of Jiangxi province,and to provide a reference for prevention and control of malignant tumor in children and adolescents in Jiangxi Province. Methods Data of the malignant tumor of children and adolescents in the cancer registration area of Jiangxi Province was collected,and the crude incidence rate/mortality,age-standardized rate,percentages of percentage change（ PC） and the percentage of annual change（ annual percentage change,APC） were calculated. Results The crude incidence rate of malignant tumor of children and adolescents in Jiangxi Province was 9.66/100 000,the agestandardized incidence by Chinese standard P〈0pulation（ ASI China） was 9. 35/100 000; the crude mortality rate was 3. 86/100000,the age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard P〈0pulation（ ASI China） was 3.79/100 000. The incidence of male（ 9.98/100 000） was higher than that of the female（ 9.31/100 000）,and the incidence of urban area（ 10.33/100 000） was higher than that in the rural area（ 9.40/100 000）,but the difference was not statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. The mortality rate was higher in male（ 4.24/100 000） than in female（ 3.44/100 000）,and in urban areas（ 4.13/100 000） was higher than that in rural areas（ 3.76/100 000）,but no significant difference were observed（ P〈0.05）. Leukemia,brain and nervous system cancers were the two leading causes of cancers in children and adolescents in Jiangxi Province. Leukemia,brain and nervous system cancer,liver cancer and bone cancer were the four leading causes of death; The incidence of children and adolescents in the area of cancer registration was on the rise firstly,and then descended（ P〈0.05）; The mortality rate of malignant tumor in children and adolescents was relatively stable during the period（ P〉0.05）. Conclusion Leukemia,brain,nervous system and liver cancer are the most common toypes in childhood cancer in the area of cancer registration. Prenatal tests,early diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescents should be strengthened.