智能化社会下计算教育的演进趋势与多元路径

The Evolution Trend and Pluralistic Paths of Computing Education in Intelligent Society

人工智能、物联网、大数据等工程科学的高速发展,标志着人类社会正步入智能化阶段,这要求新时代工程科技人才必须掌握计算技能。在探索性界定计算教育概念、梳理国际和国内计算教育的关键节点与重要事件、总结计算教育的历史脉络和未来趋势的基础上,选取国内外计算教育模式四个典型案例,运用内容编码技术和结构化组合案例分析方法,从计算理念、课程体系和实践能力三个维度提炼出计算教育可持续发展的整合化路径及专业化路径,对我国计算教育人才培养模式提出了若干对策建议。

The rapid development of engineering science,such as artificial intelligence,the Internet of things and big data,marks the intelligent stage of human society,which requires engineers and technicians in the new era to master computing knowledge and skills.Based on the analysis of the existing literature,we proposed the definition of computing education and listed the key nodes and important events of international as well as Chinese computing education to establish the deepening and stereoscopic understanding of computing education.And through the context of computing education and the summary of the development trend,we highlighted the key role of computing education in the intelligent social trends.Based on this,we selected four typical cases of computing education both in China and abroad.By the structured case analysis and content coding technique,we summarizes three major trends：the convergence of computing and engineering,the integration of hardware and software and the core module of computing becoming as a bridge of traditional engineering.The two paths of computing education named integrated path and specialized path are extracted,and the operational definitions and characteristics of the above two paths are summarized.Then we put forward some suggestions for the improvement of the quality of engineering education in China in the context of intellectualization.