基于学习效应的企业知识流程外包策略研究

Learning effect on strategy of knowledge process outsourcing

从组织学习和知识创造的视角,主要讨论企业采取知识流程外包的策略选择问题.针对于知识流程外包中所存在的两种学习模式,即知识吸收效应和干中学效应,从知识的创造过程出发,凭借成本–收益的经济分析框架对企业知识流程内部运营和外包决策进行理论建模和比较分析.结论发现:在知识流程外包中,基于企业协同合作的知识吸收效应加强了干中学效应,因此在其他条件不变的情况下,企业应该选择知识流程外包来获得所叠加的两种效应.其次,为了加强知识流程外包的绩效,企业重点是加强自身对知识吸收的能力建设.最后,为了提高两种学习效应的效果,企业应该从长期动态的角度去考虑外包决策,而非基于短期的优劣予以判断.

From the perspective of organization learning and knowledge creation, the motivations of selection of knowledge process outsourcing （KPO） strategy are examined. In particular, from the cost-benefit analysis in Economics framework, the research investigates the influence of two learning paths existing in KPO, namely knowledge absorption and learning-by-doing, on internal knowledge process operation vs outsourcing, and theoretically compares the profits under each scenario. The conclusions indicate that the knowledge absorption effect stemmed from service collaboration in KPO and learning-by-doing effect amplified by outsourcing, all things being equal, can bring the comparative advantages of knowledge process outsourcing. Also, it shows owing to both effects, firms are suggested to reinforce absorption capacity in order to improve KPO performance. Finally, it suggests that in order to leverage both learning effects, firms should make the KPO decision from the long-term dynamic perspective instead of short-term losses.