大型综合客运枢纽送站坪的车辆延误

Vehicle Delays in Drop-off Areas at Large Intermodal Transportation Terminals

为了准确评估大型综合客运枢纽送站坪的服务水平,改善其交通秩序,提高管理水平,针对送站坪车辆的常规落客行为和违规行为造成的延误,进行了量化分析研究。在大量调研数据的基础上,提取车辆轨迹,通过虚拟线圈的方法获取车辆的运动参数和交通流信息,基于车辆运行特征和车流波动理论,提出了落客车辆汇入行车道时等待可穿插间隙的延误模型、行车道车辆受穿插车辆影响的延误模型以及违规行为造成的行车道车辆延误模型等,验证结果表明,延误模型计算结果与实测结果近似。针对客运枢纽常见的两车道送站坪的交通特性,将车辆在落客车道的行驶距离、落客时长、速度、加减速度等参数作为自变量,基于高峰期间车辆到达分布推导出了送站坪车辆的平均延误,在此基础上给出了送站坪车辆行程时间的理论推导模型和多元线性回归模型。实例验证结果显示:2个行程时间模型计算结果与实测数据基本吻合,平均误差均为13%,回归模型的拟合优度为0.868;减少模型变量,以车辆在落客车道的行驶距离和落客时长为自变量,拟合优度也达到了0.853,表明这2个变量对车辆在送站坪系统的总延误影响最大,它们的值可以基本反映出车辆在送站坪系统的总延误,研究结果可为仿真模型的构建及通行能力的研究提供理论基础。

The delays caused by regular drop-off behavior and irregularities were quantified and analyzed, in order to accurately evaluate the service level of drop-off areas at large intermodal transportation terminals and improve the traffic order and its management level. Vehicle trajectories were extracted on the basis of many survey data, and the vehicles＇ movement parameters and traffic flow characteristics were obtained through the method of simulating coils. The delay models of drop-off vehicles waiting for an acceptance gap to change lanes, effects of merging vehicles on vehicles in the passing lane, and irregularities were proposed based on vehicle operating characteristics and traffic flow wave theory, and the verification results show that the calculation results of the delay models are similar to the actual measurement results. Parameters such as driving distance in the drop-off lane, drop-off duration, speed, acceleration, and