健康教育对师范大学女生妇科疾病就诊情况的影响

Influence of health education on hospital visits by female students due to gynecologic diseases in a normal university

目的探讨健康教育对师范大学女生妇科疾病就诊情况的影响。方法选择大学下属的A学院2016-09入学的大一女生作为试验组(n=102),同时期选择其他三所学院大一女生作为对照组(n=263)。对照组学生自由选择学校开设的健康教育选修课,试验组学生在自由选择学校开设的健康教育选修课的基础上,参加研究者开设的青春期女性保健健康教育讲座。该讲座安排在9-11月份,共4次,每次45 min,授课内容依次为青春期生理卫生、常见病防治、性与生殖健康、亚健康生活方式的调整等。比较2016-12至2017-12两组学生在妇科门诊的就诊情况。结果试验组就诊登记57例,就诊率为55.9%;对照组就诊登记218例,就诊率为82.9%;试验组就诊率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=28.86,P=0.0000)。试验组咨询率(11.8%)低于对照组(22.1%),差异有统计学意义;试验组总发病率(44.1%),以及炎性类(19.6%)、内分类疾病发病率(11.8)均低于对照组(60.8%、31.9%、21.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对师范大学大一女生进行系统的健康教育,效果较好,既可以降低学生的就诊率,还能降低妇科疾病的发病率。

Objective To explore the influence of health education on visits to doctors by female students due to gynecologic diseases in a normal university. Methods All the first-year girl students in a college were selected in September 2016 as the experimental group（ n = 102）,while their counterparts in other three colleges were selected as the control group（ n = 263）. Students of the control group were free to choose the elective courses for health education,while those of the experimental group attended lectures on the health of female adolescents plus the elective courses for health education. The lectures were scheduled for 9 to 11 months,a total of 4 times,45 min each time,involving the physiological health during adolescence,prevention and control of common diseases,sexual and reproductive health,and change of sub-healthy lifestyles. The students＇ visits to the Department of Gynaecology between December 2016 and December 2017 were compared between the two groups. Results In the experimental group,57 patients were registered,accounting for 55. 9% of the total. In the control group,218 patients were registered,accounting for 82. 9% of the total,so the difference was statistically significant（ χ~2= 28. 86,P = 0. 0000）. The rate of consultation in the experimental group（ 11. 8%） was lower than that of the control group（ 22. 1%）,and the difference was statistically significant. The total incidence of the experimental group（ 44. 1%） and the incidence of inflammation（ 19. 6%） and endocrine diseases（ 11. 8） were lower than those of the control group（ 60. 8%,31. 9%,21. 3%）,and the differences were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The systematic health education for first-year female students in this normal university is effective,which can reduce the rate of visits to doctors and the incidence of gynecological diseases.