聚焦解决模式在老年慢性肾功能不全病人饮食营养指导中的应用

Application of focus-on solving mode in food intake health education for elderly patients with chronic renal insufficiency

目的 :探讨聚焦解决模式在老年慢性肾功能不全病人饮食指导中的应用和效果评价。方法 :按照入选标准和排除标准共纳入60例老年住院慢性肾功能不全病人,分为实验组与对照组各30例。对照组按照常规内容和模式进行治疗和护理,实验组在此基础上运用聚焦解决模式5个步骤进行健康教育。分别于入院后7日、入院1个月和出院前3日三个时间点对病人肾功能和电解质以及临床相关症状的控制程度进行比较,做出评价。结果 :实验组通过实施聚焦解决模式对慢性肾功能不全病人进行护理后,病人对于每日总蛋白和膳食含氮量摄入的平均水平在正常标准范围内较对照组更佳(P <0.05)。同时对肾功能和电解质以及临床相关症状控制能力明显优于对照组,有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 :聚焦解决模式作为新的护理模式,对提高老年慢性肾功能不全病人饮食营养健康教育效果具有优越性,可以在各级医院的护理工作中进行尝试应用。

Objective： To evaluate the application and effects of focus-on solving mode in food intake health education for elderly patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Methods： Sixty elderly patients with chronic renal insufficiency were enrolled into the study after screening with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were classified into experiment group and control group. In the control group, all patients were treated and nursed according to the traditional mode. In the experiment group, 5 steps of focus-on solving mode were used for food intaking health education. The renal function, blood electrolytes level and related symptoms were compared between experiment and control group 7 days after admission, 1 month after admission and 3 days before discharge. Results： After applying the focus-on solving mode in experiment group, the average levels of daily total protein and dietary nitrogen content were higher than those in the control group（P 0.05）. Meanwhile, the renal function, blood electrolytes level and related symptoms were significantly improved compared to those in control group（P 0.05）. Conclusions： The focus-on solving mode showed the obvious advantage in food intake health education for elderly patients with chronic renal insufficiency. It can be tried in each field of clinic nursing.