知识、技术与非洲企业集群的增长——基于非洲11个企业集群案例的研究结果

Knowledge,Technology,and Cluster——Based Growth in Africa

非洲正在发展中，近年来的发展成果也证明了其巨大的经济增长潜力。尽管该地区仍然面临很多挑战，但是它通过企业集群的形式给该地区带来了经济活力，这些集群为提高各国、各地区和当地的生产力作出了很大贡献。这些集群使企业得以利用和改善资本、技能、技术和市场，并且通过在成员间有效率的知识和技术扩散来促进企业成长和竞争。通过扩大就业和提高收入，这些集群正帮助非洲摆脱贫困。然而，在当今这种日趋知识密集型的、竞争更加激烈的全球经济中，它们也面临着巨大的挑战。本文就是想更深入地了解非洲这些有活力的企业集群是怎样形成和发展的，知识、人力资本和技术怎样为它们的成功作出贡献，以及在其在前进中面临的挑战和限制，并且本文也给出了一些大致的政策建议。

Africa is on the move, demonstrating in recent years a significant potential for economic growth. Although the region still faces many challenges, it is also generating pockets of economic vitality in contributing to national, regional, and local the form of enterprise clusters that are productivity. These clusters have enabled enterprises to access and develop capital, skills, technology, and markets and to grow and compete by diffusing knowledge and technological know-how more effectively among their members. By generating employment helped lift African families out of poverty income, these clusters have However, in today＇s increasingly knowledge-intensive and competitive global economy, they also face serious challenges. This paper is intended to have a better understanding of how these dynamic enterprise clusters in Africa were formed and evolved, how knowledge, human capital and technology have contributed to their success, and the challenges and constraints they are confronted with while moving forward, k also lays out some broad policy suggestions.