湖南省3～6岁幼儿体质的影响因素分析

Analysis of Factors that Influence Physique Status of 3～6 Children in Hunan

目的探索和分析湖南省幼儿体质的综合情况及影响因素,为增强幼儿体质,加强保健提供理论依据。方法分层整群抽取湖南省13地市的城乡幼儿园,对9 822名3～6岁幼儿进行体质指标监测及幼儿监护人的问卷调查,并对数据进行统计分析。结果湖南省3～6岁幼儿体质达标率为87.5%。单因素分析发现,城乡、出生身高、出生体重、是否参加体育类特长班、是否参加歌舞类特长班、是否参加绘画书法类特长班、动态活动时间、父亲教育程度、母亲教育程度对幼儿体质有显著影响。其中,幼儿是否参加歌舞特长班、幼儿出生身长、动态活动时间、是否参加体育特长班四个因子对幼儿体质水平的影响相对大。结论幼儿应适当多参加动态活动,还有歌舞、体育等特长班活动,通过身体活动锻炼以达到提高幼儿身体体质和促进身心健康的目的;出生身高等遗传因素也是决定幼儿体质水平的重要因素。

Objective To explore and analyse the situation and factors of children＇s constitution in Hunan Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for enhancing children＇s constitution and health care. Methods A stratified cluster sampling 13 cities in Hunan from urban and rural kindergartens, physique monitoring and questionnaires have been measured for 9 822 children aged 3-6 years old, and data were analyzed by statistical analysis. Results The compliance rate of 3-6 children＇s constitution was 87.5%. Uni-variate analysis showed that urban or rural areas, birth height, birth weight, whether to participate in sports specialty classes, whether to participate in dance class specialty classes, whether to participate in painting calligraphy class specialty classes, dynamic activity time, parents＇ education level of young children have significant impact on children＇s constitution. Among them, whether or not children participate in singing and dancing class, infant birth length, dynamic activity time, whether or not to participate in sports class, four factors have a relatively large impact on the physical level of children. Conclusion Children should take part in more dynamic activities, as well as singing, dancing, sports and other special class activities, through physical exercise to improve their physical fitness and promote physical and mental health, genetic factors of birth height is also an important factor in determining the physical level of young children.