乡土环境背景下近代中国手工业探析——基于山西省平定县染坊业的个案研究

Analysis of Modern Chinese Handicraft Industry under the Background of Rural Environment——Based on a Case Study of the Dyeing Industry in Pingding County Shanxi Province

近代中国,乡土环境对乡村地区手工业发展的渗透性较强,从手工业初步兴起到发展成熟等环节,乡土环境对其均有波及。乡土环境背景下,山西平定县染坊业,兴起原因包括自然经济解体、人地矛盾尖锐和成功人士引导三个因素。染坊业的生产资料、员工配置等环节均与乡村关系密切。综观其发展状态,体现出传统性与时代性交织、地域性和扩展性交错的特点。乡土环境背景下,其影响着当地乡民的家庭结构和精神世界。回望平定县染坊业的历史,其积极的一面仍有很强的现实意义。

In modem China, the local environment has a strong penetration into the development of handicraft industry in rural areas from commence to maturity. Under the rural environment, the reasons for the rise of the dyeing industry in Pingding County, Shanxi Province include three factors： the natural economic disintegration, the sharp contradiction between people and land, and the guidance of successful people. The production materials and staff allocation of the dyeing industry are closely related to the village. Looking at its development status, it reflects the characteristics of intertwining of tradition and the times, regional and expansive interlacing.In the context of the local environment, it affects the family structure and spiritual world of local villagers. Looking back at the history of the dyeing industry in Pingding County, its positive side still has strong practical significance.