中国经济特区的动态演化与实践使命

Dynamic Evolution and Practical Mission of the Special Economic Zones of China

创立经济特区是中国发展的一个关键的战略选择,以经济特区的率先发展带动整个国家经济起飞已经成为现代化建设的中国路径,在国际上正在产生着深刻而广泛的影响。35年中,中国经济特区实践在时间上出现了一个动态演化过程,由制度试验导向到区域发展导向再到发展问题导向;在期望功能的设定上发生全局性—战略区域性—特定局部性的变化;从本质内涵上则发生制度试验—综合实践—路径探索的变化。但总体看,中国经济特区的历史实践围绕目标体制、发展路径、制度变迁方式寻找答案。

The establishment of Special Economic Zones is a key strategic choice for the development of China. To promote the economic rise of the whole China with the economic development in the Special Economic Zones first has become the Chinese Route of realizing the modernization construction of China, and has produced pro found and wide influence in the world. In thirty - five years, the practice of the Special Economic Zones of China has demonstrated a dynamic evolution process from the per spective of time, changing from institutional experimentation - oriented to regional de velopment - oriented and then to development - oriented; and the setting for the desired functions changes from the overall to the strategic region and then to specific re gion; the nature develops from institutional experimentation to comprehensive practice and then to route exploration. In the whole, the historical practice for the Special Eco nomic Zones of China tries to find answers from the aspects of target institutions, de velopment routes and the methods of institutional transformation.