中小型城市动物园规划设计要素研究——以贵阳黔灵山公园动物园改造规划设计为例

Essential factors of planning and design of small and medium-sized urban zoo: a case study on the reconstruction of Qianling Mountain Park Zoo in Guiyang

中小型城市动物园由于受到规模限制,特别是用地面积和动物种类及数量上的难题,而面临着发展困境。如何在满足游客观赏、教育需求的同时又能为动物提供福利和特定的生存环境。通过探讨城市动物园规划设计要素,以贵阳黔灵山公园动物园在原有动物园园址的基础上改扩建为例,从环境、游人和动物三者关系出发,以生态为理念,不同的观赏方式和增加动物福利为目的,提升动物的舒适性,解决原址面积狭小和展示野生动物多样性的矛盾,突出"小而精"造园理念,体现地方动物特色,实现从传统动物园向现代动物园的转变。

Due to scale restrictions,small and medium-sized urban zoos are faced with development dilemmas,especially land use,animal species and quantity problems. Targeting on how to meet the tourists ＇ sightseeing and education needs while ensuring the welfare and specific living environment of the animals,this paper explored thefactors of planning and design of small and medium-sized urban zoos. Taking the reconstruction of Qianling Mountain Park Zoo in Guiyang as example,we took into consideration the relations of environment,tourists and animals,focused on improving animal welfare and environmental enrichment,and solved the contradiction between the diversity of the displayed animals and the small area,transforming the zoo from a traditional one to a modern one.