大蒜套作对温室茄子根际土壤微生物数量与土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of Intercropping Garlic on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in Greenhouse Eggplant Rhizosphere Soil

为探寻温室茄子套蒜栽培的最佳时期,以商茄1号和苍山白皮蒜为试材,设置10月7日(E1G1)、10月22日(E2G2)和11月6日(E3G3)3个大蒜定植时期进行套作试验,研究套作大蒜对温室茄子根系土壤微生物及酶活性的影响。结果表明,套作大蒜的茄子植株根系氨化细菌和硝化细菌数量变化规律类似,在同一处理时期内均表现为E1G1>E2G2>E3G3>CK,数量高低与大蒜种植时间早晚呈正相关;E1G1处理下氨化细菌和硝化细菌数量在取样时间40,55,70,85,90 d时较对照分别提高92.35%,81.13%,82.06%,69.66%,69.25%和24.83%,31.78%,15.58%,25.49%和33.64%,与对照间差异极显著(P<0.01);茄子根际土壤磷酸酶活性以套作大蒜的处理高于对照,酶活性高低表现为E1G1>E2G2>E3G3>CK,55,70,85,90 d时各处理与对照间差异均达显著水平(P<0.05);各处理时期内,E1G1,E2G2,E3G3的磷酸酶活性均高于对照。在相同取样时期内,E1G1,E2G2,E3G3处理的脲酶活性均高于对照,且以E1G1处理下最高。

To explore the best period of greenhouse eggplant garlic cultivation, with Shang Eggplant 1 and Cangshan white garlic astesting materials, three garlic planting periods in October 7th （E1G1） , October 22nd （E2G2）and November 6th （E3G3）were set up tostudy the effect of garlic on soil microorganism and enzyme activity in the root soil of greenhouse eggplant. The results showed that thenumber of ammoniated bacteria and nitrifying bacteria in the roots of eggplant plant with garlic was similar to that of E1G1〉E2G2〉E3G3〉CK in the same treatment period, and the number was positively correlated with the garlic planting time. The number ofammoniated bacteria and nitrobacteria under the E1G1 treatment increased by 92.35%, 81.13%, 82.06%, 69.66%, 69.25% and 24.83%,31.78%, 15.58%, 25.49%, 33.64%, respectively on the 40, 55, 70, 85, 90 d, compared with the control, and was significantly differentfrom the control （P〈0.01） . The activity of the soil phosphatase in eggplant root soil was higher than that of the control, and the activity ofthe enzyme was E1G1〉E2G2〉E3G3〉CK, all reached a significant difference level（P〈0.05）at 55, 70, 85, 90 d. Phosphatase activities of E1G1, E2G2 and E3G3 were all higher than those of control. During the same sampling period, the urease activities of E1G1,E2G2 and E3G3 were higher than those of the control, and the highest activity was observed under E1G1 treatment.