粉末冶金制备Ti-Cu二元合金和力学性能的研究

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Cu Binary Alloy by Powder Metallurgy

以纯钛(Ti)粉和铜(Cu)粉为原料,采用粉末冶金法,真空烧结制备Ti-Cu(质量分数)二元合金。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等测试手段对样品的相组成、成分、微观组织形貌等进行表征,用硬度仪测试材料的宏观及微观硬度。研究结果表明:Ti、Cu粉末在850-1200℃真空烧结后,合金中存在αTi、CuTi_2、CuTi_3三相;随Cu含量的增加,Ti-Cu合金的相对密度及硬度都是先升高后降低,当含铜量为5%的合金相对密度达到89.2%,洛氏硬度达到49HRA,合金的致密度较好;Ti-Cu共析相的显微硬度为370HV,随着CuTi_2、CuTi_3相的析出,合金硬度下降。

Using pure titanium （Ti） powder and copper （Cu） powder as raw materials, Ti-Cu （mass fraction） binary alloys were prepared by vacuum sintering using powder metallurgy. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, etc.） were used to characterize the phase composition, ingredient, and microstructure of the samples. The macro and micro-hardness of the material was tested with a hardness tester. The results show that Ti, Cu powder vacuum sintering at 850-1200°C, the presence of αTi, CuTi 2, CuTi 3 three-phase alloy; with the increase of Cu content, the relative density and hardness of Ti-Cu alloy are first increased then decreased, when The relative density of the alloy with 5% copper is 89.2%, the Rockwell hardness is 49HRA, and the compactness of the alloy is good. The microhardness of the Ti-Cu eutectoid phase is 370HV. With the precipitation of CuTi 2 and CuTi 3 phases, the hardness of the alloy decline.