普通高校田径运动员短期集训方法探讨

Discussion on Short-term Intensive Training Methods of College Track and Field Athletes

短期集训是普通高校田径运动队主要的赛前训练方法,旨在用较短的时间用较少的人力物力获得最佳的运动训练效果。本文采取实验的方法对普通高校田径运动员短期集训的方法进行探探索,检验其运动训练的效果。通过选取高校3名中长跑运动员,制定为期1个月分为三个阶段的训练方案,在训练前、训练中、训练后分别对3名运动员的运动成绩和脉搏进行测试。研究结果发现,以恢复训练、专项训练、比赛准备训练三个阶段训练的短期集训方法能显著提高田径运动员的运动成绩,对其心血管机能也产生明显促进作用。因此,教练员在短期集训中,要根据运动员的特点,明确训练目标,制定科学的训练计划,突出训练重点,帮助高校田径运动员达到最佳的运动状态,获得优异的竞赛成绩。

Short-term intensive training is the main training method for track and field teams in colleges and universities. The purpose is to get the best effect of sports training in a short time with less manpower and material resources. This paper tries to explore the methods of short-term training for college track and field athletes to test the effect of sports training by selecting 3 college middle distance runners and planning a 3-steps training for 1 month. Their performance and pulse are tested pre,in and after the training. The results show that short-term intensive training,which includes recovery training,special training and competition preparation training,could improve athletic performance significantly as well as their cardiovascular function. Therefore,in short-term training,coaches should set clear training objectives according to athletes ＇ characteristics; and formulate scientific training plans,highlight training priorities to help athletes achieve the best athletic condition and excellent competition results.