我国水库大坝安全管理成就及面临的挑战

Achievements of reservoir dam safety management in China and challenges

水库大坝是经济社会发展不可替代的重要基础设施。加强水库大坝安全管理,保障大坝安全运行,是国家战略需求,历来受到党和政府高度重视。简要介绍了我国水库大坝基本情况和管理措施,从落实责任制、严格日常管理、法规标准体系建设、水管体制改革、除险加固、风险管理、信息化建设等方面总结了我国水库大坝安全管理取得的巨大成就,分析了水库大坝安全管理仍然面临的体制机制掣肘、投入不足、管理手段尚待完善、部分工程与设施老化、小型水库管理亟待加强、应对突发事件保障能力有待提升等巨大挑战,并就如何进一步加强水库大坝安全管理工作提出了建议。

Reservoir dam is regarded as one of the irreplaceable infrastructures for social and economic development. It is of strategic significance for China to strengthen safety management and safeguard safe operation of dams, which has attracted high attention form the Chinese government. The paper makes a brief introduction on the basic situation and management of reservoir dams in China, and summarizes the achievements in terms of functioning of accountability system, strict routine management, perfection of legal system, reform of water management system, hazard removal and dam reinforcement, risk management and establishment of information system. Weak points and challenges are also examined such as inefficient institutional system, lacking of input, backward in management approaches, aging of waterworks and facilities, missing of management entities for small reservoirs and low capacity to deal with emergencies. Finally, suggestions are raised for making improvement.