水库运行、维护和监测手册编制要点

Key points for preparing Guides on Reservoir Operation, Maintenance and Surveillance

运行、维护和监测(OMS)手册是保障大坝安全运行的制度化、程序化、精细化的技术性文件,是指导水库运行管理人员开展大坝日常管理、调度运行、安全监测、维修养护、应急管理等工作的作业指导书,可以保证相关工作的连贯性、一致性,从而将人为失误风险降至最低,是控制大坝风险的重要工具之一。本文主要从必要性、编制原则、调度运行、工程维护以及安全监测等方面阐述分析手册编制的重点内容,并指出水库防洪调度、应急预案这两部分内容为手册编制中的难点。实际编制中应理论联系实际,手册须符合工程实际,具有可操作性。

Being a technical documentation, the Guides on Reservoir Operation, Maintenance and Surveillance can be employed to ensure safe operation of dams in institutionalized, programmatic and accurate ways, and provide guidelines and instructions to its routine management, scheduling operation, safe monitoring, repair and maintenance and emergency treatment. It can be also used as one of the key measures for controlling risks, and reduce the risks caused by human errors to a lowest extent. The paper introduces the necessity of formulation the guides and the main contents of principles, scheduling operation, O＆M and safe monitoring of dams, and difficulties with contents of reservoir regulation for flood control and emergency plans. The guides may have a wide range for application thanks to integration of theories and practices and full consideration to actual conditions of dams.