薄荷醇和茉莉精油对马铃薯抑芽效果研究

Study of Menthol and Jasmine Oil on Potato Sprout Inhibition

【目的】为探究薄荷醇和茉莉精油对马铃薯块茎萌芽的影响。【方法】以马铃薯"费乌瑞它"品种为材料,采用自然挥发处理的方式,研究在常温条件下不同用量的薄荷醇、茉莉精油对马铃薯发芽率、重量损失、淀粉含量、还原糖含量、淀粉酶活性等的影响;同时,采用体视显微镜和石蜡切片技术,对比观察块茎顶芽组织形态在贮藏期间的变化。【结果】薄荷醇和茉莉精油可有效减少马铃薯重量损失,保持块茎中淀粉的含量,降低淀粉酶活性、还原糖含量,抑制马铃薯的萌芽;薄荷醇处理的马铃薯顶芽死亡,块茎薄壁细胞中淀粉粒含量较多;茉莉精油能有效抑制芽生长,芽后期生长正常,块茎薄壁细胞中淀粉粒的消耗较少。【结论】薄荷醇适用于马铃薯商品薯的贮藏药剂开发;茉莉精油既可用于商品薯的贮藏药剂开发,也可用于种薯的贮藏药剂开发。

[Objective] The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of menthol and jasmine oil on potato germination. [Method] The potato cuhivar,‘Favorita’, was used as experiment material, which was treated with different quantity of menthol and jasmine oil by means of volatilization at room temperature. The gemination percent, weight loss percent, starch, reducing sugar and amylase activity were measured. At the same time, stereoscopic microscope and paraffin section technique were used to observe the change of apical bud morphology. [Result] Menthol and jasmine oil can reduce the loss of potato weight, keep starch content,reduce amylase activity and reducing sugar, and inhibit germination. The apical bud of potato treated with menthol died with the cell vacuolization. And there were more starch granules in the parenchyma cells. The histodifferentiation of potato apical meristem treated with jasmine oil was inhibited. But bud primordium was not destroyed. And starch granules decreased slightly. [Conclusion] Menthol was suitable for developing commercial potato storage chemical, and jasmine oil was not only suitable for developing commercial potato storage chemical, but also suitable for seed potato.