10～15世纪南海贸易与大越=安南国家

The South China Sea Trade and Dai Viet-Annam from the 10th to the 15th Century

一独立初期的国际贸易自汉代至唐代,处于中国统治下的北部越南（名为＂交趾＂或者＂交阯＂＂交州＂＂安南＂）出产香药、象牙、犀角等热带特产,还以出产黄金著称。同时,越南位于中华帝国南海贸易终点站的位置上,与广东存在竞争关系。当时的＂南海诸国＂把中国视为巨大的市场,而对于中国的统治阶级和都市居民、佛教寺院等而言,香料及其他热带特产、西方的种种珍奇物品都是不可或缺的。

This paper deals with the position of Dai Vi et-Annam from the10 th to the 15 th century within the trade network of the ＂ Giao Chi Ocean（ The Tongking Gulf and the western part of the South China Sea） ＂ and the significance of foreign trade for the imperial authority. The polity of Dai Vi et-Annam which was formed in present-day Northern Vietnam after the 10 th century relied much upon its position as one of trade centers in the Giao Chi Ocean since the period of Chinese domination, by exporting local products like gold and elephants to China and relaying commodities of surrounding countries. However, such a position appears to have declined after the 13 th century in inverse proportion to the development of the trade of Champa. Yet, the agricultural development in the Red River delta after that period did not simply mean（ Confucianistic）agriculture-first policies. It also enabled Dai Vi et to develop the production of silk,ceramics and other export commodities in the countryside, and also to realize southward and westward military expansions thanks to the population increase and the evolution of its administrative system, both based on the agricultural development. Dai Viet became a strong player in ＂the age of commerce＂ at least in the late 15 th century.