中国古典园林风、雨声景的空间营造手法探析

The Spatial Creation Approach of Windscape and Rainscape in Chinese Traditional Gardens

风雨作为自然环境中常见的气候要素,其声景营造是中国古典园林艺术的重要组成部分。本文从声源、空间环境、接收点三个方面,结合风、雨声景的实例分析,探究风、雨声景的营造手法。声源方面,风雨多借植物以发声,仿乐器设构筑物而发声;空间环境方面,常以声源围合接收点,其他材料提供反射声;接收点上,建筑多设大面积花窗,接收点的空间层次较为丰富。

Wind and rain are common climatic elements in the natural environment, and their soundscape are important components of the Chinese classical garden art. This paper analyzed the related examples of windscape and rainscape, from three aspects of sound source, environment and receiving point, and explored the creation approach of windscape and rainscape. In terms of sound sources, the wind and rain reply on plants to generate sounds, whereas the imitated musical instruments set up structures to make sounds. In terms of environment, the sound source is often used to surround the receiving point, and other materials provide ref ective sounds. Regarding the receiving point, the building in the Chinese garden often has a large number of ornamental windows, with rich layered spaces.