大棚厚皮甜瓜水肥一体化栽培技术研究

Study on integrated fertigation technology of thick skin water melon cultivation in greenhouse

【目的】研究大棚厚皮甜瓜水肥一体化栽培关键技术,为厚皮甜瓜生产提供技术参考和实践经验。【方法】选择适宜地块,采用合适的框架结构,对大棚厚皮甜瓜水肥一体化栽培进行研究。【结果】对栽种地的首要条件是附近5000m内不得有重金属工厂以及污染较大的工厂,以空气质量、环境质量良好为前提,选取灌溉用水方便、无污染且水质达到国家要求的标准。经过试验试种,厚皮甜瓜品种的选取一般以优质、早熟、抗性好为原则,尽可能选取最适宜当地生长的品种。【结论】大棚种植反季节厚皮甜瓜,要选择适合当地栽培的品种,选择通透性好、土层疏松、深厚的地块,以pH值6. 0～7. 5的沙性土壤为宜。可用结钢架结构或竹木结构,大棚的种植长度、宽度、大棚顶高以及大棚肩高以30m、6m、3. 2m、2m左右为宜;做好植株生长过程中病虫害的防治措施。

【Objective】The key techniques of integrated fertigation technology of thick skin water meloncultivation in greenhouse were studied to provide technical reference and practical experience for the pro-duction of thick skin water melon. 【Method】The suitable plot and frame structure were used to study inte-grated fertigation technology of thick skin water melon cultivation in greenhouse. 【Results】 The primary condition for the planted land is that there shall be no heavy metal factories nor polluting factories within 5000m nearby,with the requirement of good quality of air and environment,the convenient irrigation,pol-lution-free and meets the national standards. After testing and planting,the selection of thick skin water melon variety is generally based on the principle of high quality,early maturity and good resistance. As far as possible,select the species most suitable for local growth. 【Conclusion】The planting of thick skin water melon of anti-season in greenhouse,the varieties suitable for local cultivation should be applied,and the plots with good permeability,loose and deep soil should be selected,while the sandy soil with a pH value of 6. 0 ~ 7. 5 was best condition. The green house can be made of steel or bamboo,wood. The planting length,width,roof height and shoulder height of the greenhouse should be around 30m,6m,3. 2m and 2m respectively. Do a good job of pest control measures during plant growth.