针对性护理措施在胸科手术患者术中受压部位皮肤保护中的应用

Application of Targeted Nursing Measures in Skin Protection of Compressed Parts during Thoracic Surgery

目的探讨根据Braden Scale评分表、手术患者的预计手术时间、年龄的总评分情况,对胸科手术患者受压部位采取有针对性的保护措施,观察能否避免患者皮肤受损甚至压疮的发生。方法方便选择2017年1—12月在该院接受胸科手术(择期/限期)方式的159例患者作为观察的对象,术前使用Braden Scale评分表及手术患者的预期手术时间、年龄进行术前压疮风险评估,根据评分对患者采取有针对性的预防措施,观察术后皮肤受损、压疮发生情况。结果对其受压部位的皮肤采取有针对性的干预措施后,发生皮肤损伤的有18例,发生率为11.32%,其中压痕13例(8.18%),压红5例(3.14%)。发生压疮0例(0.00%),术后积极对受损的皮肤进行减压、按摩等措施,未发生并发症。结论 Braden Scale评分表及手术患者的预计手术时间、年龄能客观、准确地对胸科手术患者进行压疮风险评估,便于护理人员采取有针对性的皮肤干预措施,有效避免了患者术中压疮的发生。

Objective To investigate the protective measures of the brachial surgery patients according to the Braden Scale score, the estimated operation time and the age of the patients, and observe whether the patients can avoid skin damage or the occurrence of sores. Methods A total of 159 patients who underwent thoracic surgery （elective/limited） in the hospital from January to December 2017 were convenient selected and enrolled. The preoperative use of the Braden Scale and the expected operative time and age of the patients before surgery pressure ulcer risk assessment were observed, according to the score to take targeted preventive measures to observe the skin damage and pressure ulcers. Results After targeted interventions on the skin of the compression site, 18 cases of skin damage occurred, the incidence rate was 11.32%, including 13 cases （8.18%） of indentation and 5 cases （3.14%） of redness. There were 0 cases （0.00%） of pressure ulcers, and the injured skin was actively decompressed and massaged without complications. Conclusion The Braden Scale score and the estimated operation time and age of the patients can objectively and accurately assess the risk of pressure ulcers in patients undergoing thoracic surgery, so that the nursing staff can take targeted skin interventions and effectively avoid the pressure ulcers occurrence in patients during operation.