平原君“利令智昏”导致长平之战及其惨败

Lord Pingyuan's “Blinded by Lust for Gain” Resulting in the Battle of Changping and Its Defeat

秦国"伐韩之野王",分割韩国,上党道绝。上党郡守冯亭以"吏民皆安为赵"为由,拉赵国与其抗秦。平原君贪上党大利,在冯亭不合作的情况下,出兵长平,走出了长平战败的第一步;争冯亭以权,失上党官吏人民支持,二败;赵王听信反间,以赵括换廉颇成三败;乞和秦国不成为四败;秦绝赵粮道,赵不能救而彻底失败。论长平之战,不能仅盯住将帅和战场,必须从战略决策、战争全过程追溯其因果,才能理解司马迁说平原君"利令智昏"导致了长平之战及其惨败。

Qin crusaded against Han in Yewang County, leading to the territory of Han segmented. As the result, the road to Shangdang County was broken. Feng Ting who was the governor of Shangdang intended to ask Zhao to crusade against Qin with Han by ceding Shangdang to Zhao. However, Lord Pingyuan wanted the benefit greedily. He managed to gain the absolute control of Shangdang from Feng Ting＇ s hands, dispatching armies to Changping without Feng Ting＇ s cooperation, which was a crucial step of Changping＇ s defeat. After that, the second defeat was that Lian Po＇ s troop was defeated once again by the troop of Qin; the third defeat is that Zhao prayed for Qin to reconcile; the king of Zhao trusted the Qin＇ s sowing discord among the enemy and changed the chief of the army, which contributed to its fourth defeat. Zhao could not save himself and completely failed when Qin＇ s troop cut off Zhao＇ s path to transport supplies. To say that the war is winning or losing, the commander and the battlefield cannot be only fo- cused. The overall situation under a political view should be considerable. Therefore, Sima Qian said that Lord Pingyuan was blinded by lust for gain that led to the defeat of Changping, and Handan was almost conquered.