春秋战国以庶代嫡诸侯王形象分析——以《史记》为视角

The Analysis of the Bastard Replacing the Eldest Prince Image in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period Based on Historical Records

春秋战国是我国从奴隶社会向封建社会过渡的特殊历史时期,这一时期血缘宗法制瓦解,礼制崩坏,社会用人价值观从"任人唯亲"向"任人唯贤"转变,不论是国君还是臣子都不再严格遵守嫡长子继承制,庶子们得以突破嫡长子继承制的束缚,通过嫡死庶代、恃宠夺嫡、弑君夺位等方式成为了诸侯王。同样是以庶子身份继位的诸侯王们,在执政期间却对人民和国家产生了不同的影响。司马迁在《史记》中刻画了不同类型的以庶代嫡诸侯王形象,体现了司马迁的批判精神和民本思想。

The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period is a special historical period of China＇ s transition from the slave society to the feudal society. This period, which blood as a link to the cases in the legal system and the set of etiquette was gone to collapse, with the social values from ＂cronyism＂ to ＂meritocracy＂. In such a historical context, the bastard to break the inheritance system of the eldest son of the bondage, through replacing the dead eldest prince, or relying on the spoil to replace eldest prince＇ s position, or killing the eldest prince to become the king of Princes. In the same way, the princes who succeeded to the throne in the bastard status had different influence on the people and the country. Sima Qian portrayed the different types of the feudal princes and kings in Historical Records, which reflected Sima Qian＇ s record spirit and political ideal.