《史记》人名中多音字读音研究

The Study of the Pronunciation of Polyphones in the Names in Historical Records

人名是一种标识,人名用字应尽量简洁明了,避免使用多音字。《史记》人名中有不少多音字,给人们的称呼带来很大的不便,也不利于《史记》人物的进一步研究。要解决这样的问题,可以根据人名与字、号的关系断定多音字的读音。如果字与名没有关联,可根据字的用途来判断多音字的读音。如果没有字、号,可根据其他相关资料断定多音字的读音。

Name is one of the identifications of a person so that it should be clear and concise as possible to avoid using poly phones. There are some polyphones in the names in Historical Records which would give rise to the inconvenience of appellation and be bad for the further study on persons recorded in Historical Records. To solve this problem we could judge the pronunciation by the relation between name, courtesy name, and literary name. If the name had no relation with the literary name, we could judge polyphones＇ pronunciation according to the purpose of the literary name. If someone does not have courtesy name or literary name, we could know its pronunciation by other related data. There is not any necessary connection between the pronunciation of the name and the object that the name refers to. For the wrong polyphones which have been existing for a long time, we could affirm their right place in the light of the principle established by usage.