咖啡因对早期胚胎及卵黄膜发育的影响

Effect of Caffeine on Early Embryo and Yolk Membrane Development

目的初步探索研究妊娠期妇女摄入咖啡因,对胎儿发育速度所造成的影响,以及其发生的机制。方法该研究在2016年5月—2017年6月以鸡胚为实验模型,分为正常组(PBS)、低剂量组(4μmol/egg)、中剂量组(8μmol/egg)、高剂量组(16μmol/egg)。新鲜种鸡蛋分组后37℃孵化2 d,在蛋壳上开窗,给予不同剂量的咖啡因,继续培养6 d后取出胚胎固定。随后根据需要进行形态学与分子学方面的分析胚胎发育的变化。结果各个组别的卵黄膜形态发育明显不同,H.E染色可以进一步证实,并且p185 RT-PCR的表达明显受到影响,卵黄膜组织的细胞增殖和凋亡也出现了明显变化并出现凋亡。结论妊娠期妇女早期大剂量的摄入咖啡因,通过影响胎盘绒毛的发育影响营养物质的吸收从而影响到胚胎的正常发育。

Objective To explore the effects of caffeine intake in pregnant women on the developmental speed of the fetus and its mechanism. Methods In this study, chicken embryos were used as experimental models from May 2016 to June 2017. They were divided into normal group （PBS）, low dose group （4 μmol/egg）, medium dose group （8 μmol/egg）, high dose group （16 μmol/egg）. Freshly bred eggs were incubated at 37℃ for 2 days, and windows were opened on the eggshells, and different doses of caffeine were administered. After 6 days of culture, the embryos were removed and fixed. Morphological and molecular aspects of subsequent changes in embryonic development were then performed as needed. Results The mor- phological development of yolk membrane was significantly different in each group. H.E staining could be further confirmed, and the expression of p185 RT-PCR was significantly affected. The cell proliferation and apoptosis of yolk membrane tissue also showed obvious changes and apoptosis. Conclusion Early intake of large doses of caffeine in pregnant women affects the normal development of embryos by affecting the development of nutrients in the development of placental villi.