ICU危重症患者心理健康状态调查及影响因素研究

An analysis of the mental health status of ICU patients and the affecting factors

目的调查重症加强护理病房(ICU)危重症患者的心理健康状态并分析其影响因素,为ICU危重症患者的临床护理提供参考。方法采用随机抽样法抽取2015年8月—2017年5月金华市中心医院ICU危重症患者88例,运用一般资料调查表和症状自评量表90(SCL-90)评价患者的心理健康情况,采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析影响患者心理健康的因素。结果 ICU危重症患者SCL-90总分(152. 44±40. 28分)及部分因子(躯体化、焦虑、抑郁、恐惧、偏执)评分均低于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。ICU住院天数、机械通气天数、插管数量及是否使用镇静药物可影响患者的心理健康状态;其中,主要影响因素为机械通气天数、插管数量及是否使用镇静药物(均P <0. 05)。结论 ICU危重症患者心理健康状况不理想,主要受机械通气天数、插管数量及是否使用镇静药物影响。

Objective To understand the mental health conditions of patients in intensive care unit（ ICU） and the possible affecting factors to keep ICU nursing practitioners better informed in caring ICU patients. Methods Firstly,88 ICU patients admitted to Jinhua Central Hospital during the period from Aug. 2015 to May. 2017 were chosen as the subjects of study.Next,the mental health status of patients was evaluated by general information questionnaire and Symptom Checklist 90（ SCL-90）. Meanwhile,the factors affecting the mental health conditions of the patients were subjected to single factor analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results The total score of SCL-90（ 152. 44 ± 40. 28） and some factors（ somatic,anxiety,depression,fear,bigotry） of ICU patients were lower than those of domestic norm（ P〈0. 05）.The number of hospital stays,mechanical ventilation days,intubation and the use of sedative drugs can affect the mental health conditions of patients. Among them,the mechanical ventilation days,number of intubation and the use of sedatives were the main influencing factors（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions The mental health condition of ICU patients is usually not desirable,which is mainly caused by mechanical ventilation days,number of intubation and the use of sedative drugs.