1Lee Parker,IBM offers patent access to educational,health care groups-free of charge,Vicki,Raleigh News & Observer[N].N.C.,2005-10-24
2http://www.osdl.org/about_osdl,2006-02-13
3An open secret,Economist[J].Vol.377 Issue 8449,Special section p12-14,2005-10-22
4Rishab Ghosh,Open Standards and Interoperability Report:An Economic Basis for Open Standards,version v6,December 12,2005,http://flosspols.org/deliverables/D04HTML/FLOSSPOLS-D04-openstandards-v6.html.
5European Patent Convention, 1973年签署，1978年生效.
6"Flash of creative genius". See Honorable Giles S. Rich, Laying the Ghost of the "Invention" Requirement, in Foundations of Intellectual Property (Foundation Press 2004) (Robert P. Merges, Jane C. Ginsburg), 93.
7Graham v. John Deere,383 U.S. 1.
8David F. Noble, The Corporation as Inventor, Patent-Law Reform and Patent Monopoly,in Foundations of Intellectual Property ( Foundation Press 2004) (Robert P. Merges, Jane C. Ginsburg), 41.
9Edmund W. Kitch, Graham v. John Deere Co. : New Standards for Patents, in Foundations of Intellectual Property ( Foundation Press 2004) ( Robert P. Merges, Jane C. Ginsburg, ed. ), 102.
10American Law Institute: Restatement of the Law, Torts (Second), Pamphlet 2, West Group (1965), 12 -13.
