低出生体重早产儿出院前实施母婴同室个体化照护指导的效果评价

Evaluation on Implementation Effect of Mother and Newborn Ward Individualized Care and Guidance of Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants before Discharge

目的探讨并分析低出生体重早产儿出院前采用母婴同室个体化看护指导的方法对早产儿健康护理和生长发育的影响及效果评价。方法将于2016年1月—2018年5月在该院出生的低出生体重早产儿50例作为该次的研究分析对象,随机将他们分成对照组和研究组,对照组30例,研究组20例。针对对照组家长进行一般的母婴护理。研究组在此基础上实施低出生体重的早产儿出院前实施母婴同室个体化照护1~3 d,效果达到满意时再出院,出院后一周内定期门诊随诊及随访。结果两组低出生体重早产儿出院后30 d内患病率和再入院率情况,研究组早产儿患病4例(20.00%),再入院1例(5.00%);对照组早产儿患病9例(30.00%),再入院5例(16.67%);组间比较对照组患病率和再入院率显著高于研究组(χ~2=6.734、6.348,P<0.05)。两组低出生体重早产儿在纠正月龄3个月时体格情况,研究组早产儿体重(5.31±0.08)kg、身长(58.80±0.40)cm、头围(38.20±1.01)cm;对照组早产儿体重(5.01±0.10)kg、身长(57.30±0.20)cm、头围(37.10±0.34)cm;两组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对低出生体重早产儿出院前进行母婴同室个体化看护指导,能促进低出生体重早产儿体格的成长发育并提高远期的生存质量,是值得在临床上推荐的低出生体重早产儿出院指导模式。

Objective To study and analyze the evaluation on implementation effect of mother and newborn ward indi- vidualized care and guidance of low birth weight preterm infants before discharge. Methods 50 eases of low birth weight preterm infants born in our hospital from January 2016 to May 2018 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, the control group with 30 eases used the general maternal and infant nursing, while the research group used the mother and newborn ward individualized care for 1 to 3 days, and they were discharged after the effect was satis- faetoxT, and the infants were for outpatient follow-up in 1 week after discharge. Results The prevalence rate and read- mission rate in the two groups within 30 d showed that there were 4 eases（20.00%）with infants in the research group, 1 case（50.00%） was readmitted, while in the control group, there were 9 cases（30.00%） with infants, and 5 cases（16.67%） were readmitted, and the prevalence rate and readmission rate were higher than those in the study group（χ2=6.734,6.348, P〈0.05）, and the weight （5.31±0.08）kg, length （58.80±0.40）cm, head circumference （38.20±1.01）cm in the study group and （5.01±0.10）kg, （57.30±0.20）cm, （37.10±0.34）cm in the control group, and the differences were statistically signifi- cant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The mother and newborn ward individualized care and guidance of low birth weight preterm infants before discharge can promote the growth and development of bodies and improve the long-term survival quality, and it is worth clinical recommendation.