论汉语方言处所介词“的”的来源

The Origin of the Locative Postposition De(的) in Chinese Dialects

本文从共时方言分布和历时语法演变两方面论证了汉语方言"V+的+NL"句型中的"的"来源于"得",两者在语法、语音上的一致性说明汉语方言处所介词"的"可能是近代汉语处所介词"得"的遗留。处所介词"得"至迟于晚唐五代产生,于明代发展成熟,并沿用至清末,其语法化的路径为:"抵达"义动词>趋向补语>处所介词。

This essay discusses that the De（的 ） in the structure of ＂V＋ De（的）＋NL＂ in Chinese dialects origins from the locative postposition De（得） through research on geographical distribution in different dialects and on diachronic evolution. Their grammatical and phonetic similarities indicate that the locative postposition De（的） in Chinese dialects is the trace of the locative postposition De（得） in early Mandarin. The locative postposition De（得） appeared the latest in late Tang dynasty and became very common in Ming（明） and Qing（清） dynasty. It went through the following grammaticalizaiton path： verb with the meaning of ＂arrive＂ 〉 directional complement 〉 locative postposition.