考虑原材料保障的灾后应急物资动员生产问题研究

Research on post-disaster emergency material’s mobilization production considering raw material supply

灾害发生后,若应急储备无法满足灾区的需求,应急生产将成为保障应急物资需求的重要手段.本文关注政府实施的动员政策和应急物资原材料供给变化对应急物资生产能力的影响,以最小化应急物资到达灾区的时间、生产和运输成本为目标,构建了涵盖多类供应商、多制造商以及单个灾区的灾后应急物资生产和运输多目标规划模型.采用带精英策略的非支配遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）对该模型进行求解,得到了多目标Pareto最优解集,为决策者提供了多样化的应急物资动员生产辅助决策方案.通过仿真案例分析表明,政府需要配套实施制造商和供应商动员方案,才能最大化地发挥出制造商的生产能力优势.

After a disaster,emergency production will become significant method for ensuring emergency material＇s demand, if the storage can not satisfy emergency material＇s demand. Implementation of the government＇s mobilization policy and change in raw material supply was introduced to describe its influence to emergency material production capacity. A multi-objective programming model for emergency material production and transportation was established to minimize the time of emergency material to the disaster area and minimize the total production and transportation cost. The model contained multiply species of raw material suppliers, multiple emergency material manufacturers and one affected area. The paper applied the NSGA-Ⅱ（Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ） to the solution of the model and produced Pareto optimal solution set, which could provide decision makers with a variety aids decisionmaking solutions of emergency materials mobilization production. Simulation case analysis shows that the government needs to implement a plan to mobilize manufacturers and suppliers in order to maximize the manufacturer＇s productivity advantage.