过剩产能职工再就业技能培训的理论前提与模型构建

Theoretical Premise and Model Building of Reemployment Skills Training for Surplus Workers in Overcapacity Fields

过剩产能职工再就业是经济问题,也是民生问题;关系到经济结构调整与转型升级的成功与否、社会稳定和谐以及人民幸福生活。产能过剩职工是改革与发展过程中的"利益受损群体",为其提供再就业技能培训是社会公平正义的体现与理性诉求。因此,基于"补偿理念""由谁提供""培训什么"以及"如何开展"的逻辑提出再就业技能培训理论模型,即以公平正义的价值观、办好职工满意培训的发展观以及消除贫困、实现内生发展的目的观为指导,明确国家、市场与社会构成的培训联合主体,坚持保障型与发展型相结合的技能培训内容,坚持市场化运作的培训机制。为了解决再就业技能培训过程中存在的积极性不高、培训内容单一、方向不明确、质量不高等问题,提出以下对策:构建"一体两翼"的再就业技能培训联合体,实行多主体协同治理;优化再就业技能培训过程,提升培训质量;健全并完善法律法规及政策体系,加强再就业技能培训的制度与机制建设。

Reemployment of workers in overcapacity fields is not only an economic issue,but also a livelihood issue,which is related to the success of economic restructuring and transformation and upgrading,social stability,harmony and people＇s happy life. The surplus workers in overcapacity fields are ＂ interests damaged group＂ in the process of reform and development,thus it is embodiment and rational appeal of social equity and justice to provide them reemployment skills training. Based on the logic of education compensation concept,who should provide it,what should be trained and how to training,a theoretical model of reemployment skills training is put forward. Specifically,it is instructed by the values of fairness and justice,the development view of organizing satisfactory training service and the purpose view of eliminating poverty and realizing endogenous development; clarify the main body： the state,market and society; adhere to safeguard type and developmental type compensation content; and market-oriented operation mechanism. In order to solve the following problems in reemployment skills training process-skills training enthusiasm is not high,the training content is single,direction is not clear,and quality is not high,following countermeasures are puts forward： Build reemployment skills training consortium characterized by one body two wings,multi-agent collaborative governance; optimize the TVET compensation process to improve the training quality; strengthen reemployment skills training system and mechanism construction.