张家界古人堤出土木牍“治赤穀方”源自西域乌孙考

Textual Research about the Inscribed Wooden Slips “Prescription from Red Valley City” Unearthed from Zhangjiajie Gurendi Sourced from Wusun Kingdom in Western Region

1987年湖南张家界古人堤出土90片东汉简牍,其中1片木牍"治赤穀方"形制完整、组方清楚,然其方名释读、医方来源、创制时间均不清楚;笔者认为方名中"治"为王城,"赤穀"为西域乌孙大昆弥的王城,该方为源自西域乌孙王城赤穀的医方,为防治屯戍赤穀的军队所患外感伤寒及肠胃不适等常见病而设,当创于西汉宣帝甘露元年至三年(前53-51年),后传布至湖南古人堤。

In 1987, 90 inscribed wooden slips of the Eastern Han dynasty were unearthed from the Gurendi in Zhangjiajie, Hunan province. One of them is ＂Prescription from Red Valley City＂ having a complete form and clear compositions. But the name and source of this prescription is unclear, the creation time is too. The writer thinks that the word ＂zhi＂ in the name of prescription means royal city, the word ＂rice＂ in fact is ＂valley＂, ＂Red valley city＂ was the royal city which the big Kunmi（name of governors） of Wusun kingdom in Western Region were living in. So the prescription was founded in ＂Red valley city＂ （Royal city）, it was used for prevention and treatment of common diseases, exogenous typhoid fever and gastrointestinal discomfort for the troops living in ＂Red valley city＂, it was founded about in 53BC, then coped by someone to the gurendi in hunan province.