血管瘤患儿父母焦虑抑郁情绪调查及影响因素分析

A Survey of Anxiety and Depression and Their Impact Factors in Parents of Children with Hemangioma

目的:了解血管瘤患儿父母焦虑、抑郁情绪的现状,探讨相关影响因素。方法:本研究采用横断面研究设计,连续收集2015年1月至2017年6月遂宁市中心医院皮肤科门诊就诊且符合入组条件的血管瘤患儿200例,对患儿父母进行问卷调查,包括父母及患儿一般情况、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表。结果:患儿父母的焦虑自评分与抑郁自评分均高于相应国内常模(均P <0. 001),有81. 71%和71. 43%的患儿父母在就诊时存在明显的焦虑、抑郁情绪,均以轻、中度焦虑、抑郁情绪为主。患儿父母焦虑得分与主观支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度以及社会支持评定量表总分均呈负相关关系(r=-0. 532,r=-0. 465,r=-0. 396,r=-0. 574;均P <0. 05);患儿父母抑郁得分与主观支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度以及社会支持评定量表总分均呈负相关关系(r=-0. 534,r=-0. 596,r=-0. 378,r=-0. 594;均P <0. 05)。血管瘤患儿父母的焦虑情绪会受到医疗费用支付方式、文化程度、血管瘤部位、对血管瘤的认知情况以及社会支持总分的影响;血管瘤患儿父母的抑郁情绪会受到文化程度、血管瘤部位和社会支持总分的影响。结论:血管瘤患儿父母焦虑、抑郁情绪普遍存在,主要受文化程度、血管瘤部位和社会支持等因素影响。

Objective： To investigate the status of parents of children with hemangioma, and to explore its impact factors. Methods： A cross-sectional study was designed to continuously collect 200 cases of children with hemangioma from January 2015 to June 2017 in the Department of Dermatology in Suining Central Hospital. And the parents of sick children （the respondents） were investigated by questionnaire which include General Information Form, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）. Results： Scores of SAS and SDS by the respondents were higher than national standards （P 〈 0.001 ）. According to statistics, 81.71% of the respondents were in mild to moderate anxiety and 71.43% of the respondents were in mild to moderate depression. SAS scores were negatively correlated to subjective support, objective support, utilization of support and total scores of SSRS （ r = - 0. 532, r = -0. 465,r = -0. 396,r = -0. 574;P 〈0.05）. Scores of SDS were negatively correlated to the aforementioned four items （r = - 0. 534, r = - 0. 596, r = - 0. 378, r = - 0. 594 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. Anxiety of the respondents would be subject to ways to pay, education, location of hemangioma and cognition of hemangioma and the total score of social support. Depression of the respondents would be affected by culture, location of hemangioma and the total score of social support. Conclusion： Anxiety and depression in parents of children with hemangioma are prevalent, mainly due to education, location of hemangioma and social support.