大型船舶挂舵臂设计研究

Research on Design of Rudder Horn in Large Vessels

对挂舵臂的作用和结构形式进行介绍;对挂舵臂的受力情况进行分析,给出各力的分量计算公式。以某32万吨级超大型油船(VLCC)为例,对挂舵臂的弯曲、剪切、扭转和等效强度进行演算。对铸钢件挂舵臂的材料和热处理的相关要求进行阐述,并对铸钢件无损探伤方法进行分析,绘制挂舵臂无损探伤位置图。此外,对挂舵臂的结构连续性、焊接及加工圆角进行研究。研究得出:挂舵臂设计前,首先要弄清挂舵臂与舵的连接形式,建立合适的力学模型计算挂舵臂受到的弯矩、剪力和扭矩,再按规范校核强度;如果挂舵臂是由铸钢材料制成的,还须特别关注铸钢材料的质量控制和焊接的特殊要求。

The structural type and function of rudder horn are presented. The analysis of forces acting on rudder horn is researched and the formulas for calculating various forces are given.The strengths of rudder horn, such as bending stress, shear stress, torque stress and equivalent stress are checked by taking a 320,000 DWT VLCC for example. For the purpose of rudder horn made of casting steel, the requirements of material and heat treatment are specified. The methods of nondestructive detect are discussed in detail with several figures showing the locations of non-destructive examination. In addition, the structural continuity, welding and machining fillet of rudder arms are researched. The research comes to a conclusion that before the design of rudder horn, the connection form between rudder horn and rudder should be made clear, and the appropriate mechanical model should be established correctly to calculate the bending moment, shear force and torque of the rudder horn, then the strength of the rudder horn should be verified in accordance with the requirements of the classification society’ s rules. If the rudder horn is made of steel cast steel, special attention should be paid to the special requirements for quality control and welding of cast steel.