层级公平:水资源紧缺背景下的水权分配机制研究——基于湖南省回龙村的形态调查

Hierarchical Fairness: the Internal connection between water rights distribution order and fairness of water use——Based on the Investigation of Hui Long Village of Hunan Province

在对回龙村传统时期水权分配的调查中发现,该村在水源紧缺时因为两个层级公共堰塘的存在产生了两个层级的水权分配,且每个层级的水权分配又发挥着不同的功能。在阐述水权分配的主要过程中,深度剖析水权分配的层级与机会公平的基本关系及其内在机理,并提出'层级公平'的概念。在此基础上,分析层级公平的三个实现条件,即多层级的指导原则、多层级的资格认定以及多层级的补偿机制。基于历史的延续性,层级公平的实现方式及其指导原则,可为当下的社会分配制度提供有益的指引和思路。

In the investigation of the distribution of water rights in the traditional period of Huilong Village,it was found that the village had two levels of water rights distribution because of the existence of the two levels of public corridor in the shortage of water resources,and the distribution of water rights at each level with different functions.In the main process of elaborating the distribution of water rights,the concept of'hierarchical fairness'is put forward through the analysis of the basic relationships and its intrinsic mechanism between the level of water rights distribution and the fair opportunities.In the meanwhile,by analyzing the realization conditions of the levels of fairness,which is the guiding principle of multi-level,multi-level qualification and multi-level compensation mechanism.Based on the continuity of history,the realization of the levels of fairness and its guiding principles can provide useful guidance and ideas for today’s social distribution system.