民国时期少数民族社会历史调查与文献整理研究述论

A Review of Social History Surveys and Literature Organization of Chinese Ethnic Minorities during the Republican Period

民国时期所进行的少数民族社会历史调查,遍及西南、西北、中南、东北、台湾等地,而以西南地区为主,涉及赫哲、瑶、彝、苗、高山、黎、纳西、藏、蒙古、回、傣、羌、畲等众多少数民族,分别由政府组织的或受政府、学术机构委托、派遣的调查组和学者个人所进行。这一时期所从事的少数民族文献的搜集整理和研究,主要包括对传世少数民族历史文献的辑佚、汇编、校勘、考释,对民族调查所得少数民族文献的整理研究,以及对少数民族碑铭的译释和域外有关中国少数民族史料和研究成果的编译。民国时期的少数民族社会历史调查留下了大量的具有较高可信度的资料和学术著作,培养了民族学、民族史研究人才,而民族文献的整理研究则为民族史学的发展奠定了史料基础。

The surveys of social history of Chinese ethnic minorities during the Republican period centered on many places including southwest China,northwest China,south central China,northeast China and Taiwan province and involved such minorities as Yao,Yi and Miao etc. These surveys were conducted respectively by the government,survey teams or individual scholars entrusted or dispatched by the government or academic institutions. The surveys of minorities' social history in the Republican period left us a number of materials and academic works with high reliability and developed talents to research ethnology and ethnic history,while the collation and study of minorities' documents has laid a foundation of historical materials for the development of ethnic history.