姚锡光对清末海权的深度诠释

Yao Xiguang' Profound Interpretation of the Sea Power in the Late Qing Dynasty

在清朝已经腐朽不堪、海军几近崩溃、海权丧失殆尽的危局下,姚锡光敏锐地洞察到天下海权竞争剧烈,奉命拟订了振兴海军、捍卫海权的规划,率先提出"守外海""取远势"的海上游击战,倡导海上持久战,争取制海权。姚锡光认识到并明确地提出,海权为中国固有之物,海军应逐步向海心拓展,到太平洋、大西洋、印度洋巡历;海军是争取海权的重要力量,应建立巡洋舰队,建设近代化的军港,装备近代化的武器;人才"为开设海军之根本"。姚锡光留下的宝贵启迪是:海权的兴衰,往往与国家的强弱相伴随;海军是维护海权的利器;海权攸关国家的经济命脉。

Yao Xiguang was acutely aware of fierce competition on sea power in the critical period when the Qing dynasty was decaying,the navy collapsed and the sea power was lost. He took the order to make the plan to revitalize the navy and strive for the sea power. He was among the first to propose guerrilla warfare at sea,which aimed at guarding the open sea and obtaining the future superiority,and he also proposed the stretch on war to compete for thalassocracy. He viewed sea power as an integral part of our country,which should be expanded step by step in mid ocean,so Qing navy could cruise Pacific Ocean,Atlantic and the Indian Ocean. Since navy was the vital power to compete for sea power,he strived to build up cruisers and modern naval port equipped with early modern weapons.Talents are the fundamental part for building navy. He enlightened the posterity that the rise and fall of sea power was often related to the strength and weakness of the country,and the navy is a vital part to maintain sea power that is of essential interest for national economy.