某市区道路清扫环卫女工生殖健康和职业状况调查

The Occupational and Procreation Health of Road Sweeping Female Sanitation Workers in a District of a City

目的了解某市区道路清扫环卫女工的职业状况和生殖健康状况。方法2017年6月1日～6月30日采用横断面调查的方法，对某市区某环境服务有限公司的全体道路清扫环卫女工共303名进行问卷调查和统计学分析。结果调查对象女工生殖道感染性疾病患病率为21．47％，其中子宫肌瘤患病率为6．38％，月经异常率25．17％。同时接触低温、汽车尾气和空气污染物的月经异常率为31．03％；不接触或不同时接触这三种有害因素的月经异常为19．61％，差异有统计学意义（x2=5．161，P=0．023）；对女工权益保护不满意者月经异常率28．81％，满意者月经异常率11．67％，差异有统计学意义（x2=7．435，P=0．006）。结论某市区环卫工人暴露于多种职业病有害因素中，女工的生殖健康状况不容乐观，应加强女工的职业卫生防护和劳动权益保护，改善其职业状况和健康状况。

Objective To investigate occupational and procreation health of roadsweeping female sanitation workers in a city district. Methods Using cross-sectional survey methods, all 303 the road sweeping female sanitation workers of one company were selected and interviewed face to face with questionnaires in june 2017. Data were analysed by SPSS22.0 statistical software. Results The total prevalence of reproduction tract infection was 21.47%. The prevalence of uterine fibroids was 6.38% , and menstruation abnormal rate was 25.17%. The sanitation worker of menstruation abnormal rate was 31.03% , which were exposed low temperature, automobile exhaust and air contaminant at tile same time, or else was 19.61%. There were statistical significance between them. （X2=5A61 ,P〈0.05 ）The sanitation worker of menstruation abnormal rate was 28.81%,which were not satisfied with women/s rights protection, or else was 11.67%. There were statistical significance between them. （X2=7.435 ,P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion Female sanitation workers in the city district were exposed to many occupational hazards. The status of procreation health among road sweeping female sanitation workers in the city district is not optimistic. Occupational health protection and laborers＇s rights protection should he emphasized to improve health status of female sanitation workers.