云南省部分少数民族6岁～13岁儿童维生素D营养状况分析

Analysis of nutritional status of vitamin D in some minority children aged 6-13 in Yunnan

目的了解目前云南省部分民族6岁～13岁儿童的维生素D营养状况,为云南省开展少数民族儿童营养知识宣教,及合理补充维生素D提供科学依据。方法汉族儿童采用随机抽样的方法选取体检儿童作为研究对象,少数民族儿童采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,随机选取云南省西双版纳州嘎洒镇和大理市祥云县小学生进行调查。采集清晨空腹静脉血,应用全自动电化学发光免疫分析系统测定血清25-羟维生素D水平。结果云南省6岁～13岁部分少数民族儿童维生素D营养不良率为11. 90%。其中维生素D缺乏率为5. 03%,不足率为6. 88%。维生素D营养不良状况由高到低依次为:汉族(28. 00%)>白族(9. 62%)>布朗族(7. 37%)>傣族(3. 82%)。各个民族的维生素D不足率水平均高于维生素D缺乏率水平。各个民族不同性别的6岁～13岁儿童维生素D营养水平差异无统计学意义。结论云南省仍存在儿童维生素D缺乏与不足的现象,且不同民族及地区间有明显差异,有必要开展分类指导的健康教育。

Objective To learn about the nutritional status of vitamin D in minority children aged 6-13 in Yunnan,and to provide scientific basis for carrying out education on nutrition knowledge and for rational vitamin D supplementation. Methods Han children and the minority children were selected as the research objects respectively by random sampling method and stratified random cluster sampling method,and the minority children were randomly selected from pupils in primary schools in Gasa Town,Xishuangbanna and Xiangyun County,Dali. Their fast blood was collected for the detection of serum 25-（OH） D levels by using automatic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method. Results The malnutrition rate of vitamin D in some minority children aged 6-13 was 11. 90%. Among them,the vitamin D deficiency rate was 5. 03%,the lack rate was 6. 88%.Vitamin D malnutrition from high to low in different nationality were： Han（28. 00%） Bai（9. 62%） Bulang（7. 37%） Dai（3. 82%）. The lack levels of vitamin D in each minority group were higher than those of vitamin D deficiency. There was no statistical significance on the difference in vitamin D nutrition among different genders. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency and lack in 6-13 years old children still exists in Yunnan,which is different in different minority groups and regions. It is necessary to carry out health education with classification guidance.