埃及政商关系演变的原因和影响(1974-2011)

The Dynamic of State-Business Relation in Egypt (1974-2011)

埃及在融入经济全球化的进程中,政商关系发生了很大的变化。埃及政商关系蜕变的直接因素固然源于不同时期的国家政策,但不同时期国家政策很大程度上是对经济全球化持续发展所带来的外在挑战的主动或被迫反应,这种政商关系周期性变化的结果直接影响到企业的经济表现。伴随经济全球化程度的波动,国家内部的政商关系亦会出现同步的振变。从1974年到2011年,埃及的政商关系经历了三种模式:"依附式""协商式"和"一体式",对应着政府与商业之间的融合度和互信度变化和对经济的促进作用。总的来看,经济自由化的进程大大推动了埃及经济的发展,同时也消弱了国家的调控能力。

This paper analyzes the characteristics,motives and impacts of the development of state-business relation in Egypt since the 1970s.Although the most direct factor affecting the development of state-business relation was government policies,the development of state-business during different periods was essentially reactions to economic globalization;and therefore led to different business performances.By studying on the Egyptian case,this paper finds a positive correlation between the degree of economic globalization and the development of state-business relation.Between 1970 and 2011,the state-business relation of Egypt experienced the Dependency-Style,the Consultation-Style and the Integration-Style,the mutual trust and integration between government and business increases accordingly,which also contributed to its growing economy.