治疗阿尔茨海默症的中药有效成分研究进展

Research Progress on Effective Ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Alzheimer's Disease

阿尔茨海默症(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是以进行性认知功能障碍和行为损害为特征的中枢神经系统退行性病变,是最常见的老年痴呆病类型.现有治疗阿尔茨海默症的临床常用药物有多奈哌齐、利斯的明、他克林、加兰他敏等,但患者服药后会产生较强的毒副作用.目前已发现多种中药有效成分(如苷类、黄酮类、生物碱类等)对AD有较好的治疗作用且毒副作用小.结合国内外已有的对AD有治疗作用的中药有效成分的相关报道,综述了不同类型中药有效成分对AD的治疗作用,以期为治疗AD的中药类药物开发提供一定的参考.

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）is a central nervous system degenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and behavioral impairment.It is the most common type of Alzheimer＇s disease.The current commonly used drugs for Alzheimer＇s disease are Donepezil,Rivastigmine,Klein,and Franklin,but patients may have strong toxic and side effects after taking medicine.Many effective ingredients of Chinese medicine（such as glycosides,flavonoids,alkaloids,etc.）have been found to have good therapeutic effects on AD and have little toxic side effects.Based on the related literature on effective ingredients of AD,which has been reported in China and abroad,this article reviews the therapeutic effects of different effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine on AD to provide some references for the development of traditional Chinese medicine drugs for the treatment of AD.