纯理想气体化学势梯度在表征状态变化方面的应用

Application of Chemical Potential Gradient of Pure Ideal Gas in Characterizing State Change

物理化学中,判断理想气体状态变化方向的方法是计算其吉布斯自由能的ΔG.对于一定条件下的理想气体状态变化过程,若ΔG<0则为自发过程,说明此状态变化在热力学上是可行的,但却无法精确描述温度和压力参数是如何渐变趋于最终状态的.将梯度和化学势相结合,提出了化学势梯度"μ的概念,由此推算出纯理想气体在状态变化过程中温度和压力参数的渐变情况.

In physical chemistry,the way to judge the direction of change of ideal gas state is to calculate the change of Gibbs free energyΔG.In the state change process of ideal gas under certain conditions,ifΔG〈0,then it is a spontaneous process,shows that the change of the state is thermodynamically feasible,but it cannot accurately describe how the temperature and pressure parameters in the process of this state change gradually to the final state.In this paper,the concept of chemical potential gradient＂μ,is proposed by combining the gradient and chemical potential,thus the gradient of the temperature and pressure parameters of the pure ideal gas in the process of state change can be calculated.