抗肿瘤药与抗多药耐药小核酸共递送纳米给药系统的研究进展

Research Progress in Co-Delivery of Anti-multidrug Resistant Small RNA and Anti-tumor Drugs with Nanocarriers

抗肿瘤药物在治疗过程中常受到肿瘤细胞的多药耐药性影响。常规的药物治疗或者基因疗法只能针对某个特定的药物靶点,而多药耐药的形成机制复杂,单一的疗法较难对耐药细胞复杂的信号通路进行有效调控。纳米载体共递送小核酸(siRNA或miRNA)与抗肿瘤药可以实现最大化的协同效应,且通过沉默某些相关蛋白,逆转肿瘤细胞的多药耐药性。笔者综述小核酸和抗肿瘤药物联合给药的机制与优势、体内外评价,以及纳米共递送给药系统的最新研究进展。

The efficacy of antineoplastic drugs in cancer treatment is often hampered by drug resistance of tumor cells, which is u- sually caused by abnormal gene expression. The formation mechanism of muhidrug resistance is very complex. Conventional drugs or gene therapy usually only aim at a specific drug target, so it is difficult to effectively control the complex signaling pathways of drug-resistant cells. The co-delivery of small RNA （ siRNA orrniRNA ） and anti-tumor drugs with nanocarriers can maximize the synergistic effect, and reverse the multidrug resistance of tumor cells by silencing some related proteins. This review summarizes the mechanisms and advantages of the combination therapies involving RNA and antineoplastic drugs, in vitro and in vivo evaluation, as well as the recent advances in the co-delivery nanocarriers for these agents.