“金砖国家”高等教育竞争力研究——基于巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国的数据比较

A Comparative Study on the Competitiveness of Higher Education in the "BRIC"

在知识经济与全球化时代,高等教育竞争力水平是一国综合国力的重要标志。中国高等教育竞争力综合排名在"金砖国家"中居于首位,与科技创新相关的多个单项指标排名第一,包含研发上的投入、对高新技术的投入、数学和科学教育的质量、创新能力、科研机构的质量、大学企业合作研发、可用的科学家和工程师、专利及应用。印度综合排名第二,单项指标中教师培训的广度、教育系统质量、管理学校的质量、知识产权保护和创新能力排名第一。俄罗斯综合排名第三,单项指标中高等教育毛入学率全球排名第18位,远远高于包括我国在内的其他金砖国家,学校的网络接入、专业培训服务的可用性也排名第一。巴西的高等教育竞争力在金砖国家中没有任何一个单项指标排名第一。

In the era of knowledge economy and globalization,the competitiveness of higher education is an important symbol of a country＇s comprehensive national strength. The comprehensive ranking of China＇s higher education competitiveness is the first in the ＂BRIC countries＂,and the number of multiple single indicators related to scientific and technological innovation ranks first,including the investment in research and development,investment in advanced tech products,the quality of mathematics and science education,the quality of innovation,the quality of scientific research institutions,the university-industry collaboration in RD,the availability of scientists and engineers,patents and applications. India has a comprehensive ranking of second,which ranks first in the extent of staff training,the quality of education system,the quality of the management schools,the protection of intellectual property and the capacity for innovation. Russia has a comprehensive ranking of third,and the gross enrollment rate of tertiary education is ranked 18 in the whole world which is far higher than the other BRIC countries including China. The network access of schools and the availability of professional training services are also ranked the first. Brazil＇s competitiveness of higher education is the worst among BRIC,and no single index ranks first.