Recent therapeutic applications of the theranostic principle with dendrimers in oncology

树状大分子用于肿瘤诊疗原则的最新治疗应用（英文）

At the intersection between treatment and diagnosis, nanoparticles technologies are strongly impacting the development of both therapeutic and diagnostic agents.Consequently, the development of novel modalities for concomitant noninvasive therapy and diagnostics known as theranostics as a single platform has gained significant interests. These multifunctional theranostic platforms include carbon-based nanomaterials（e.g., carbon nanotubes）, drug conjugates, aliphatic polymers, micelles, vesicles, core-shell nanoparticles, microbubbles and dendrimers bearing different contrast agents and drugs, such as cytotoxic compounds in the oncology domain. Dendrimers emerged as a new class of highly tunable hyperbranched polymers, and have been developed as useful theranostic platforms. Magnetic resonance imaging, gamma scintigraphy, computed tomography and optical imaging are the main techniques developed with dendrimers in the theranostic domain in oncology. Different imaging agents have been used such as Gd（Ⅲ）,19F, Fe2O3（MRI）,76Br（PET）,111In,88Y,153Gd,188Re,131I（SPECT）,177Lu,gold（CT） and boronated groups, siliconnaphthalocyanines,dialkylcarbocyanines and QDs（optical imaging dyes）.

纳米粒子技术作为癌症诊断和治疗的交叉点,极大地影响着抗肿瘤药物与肿瘤诊断剂的发展.新型无创诊疗一体化纳米平台的发展也因此得到了人们的广泛关注.这些多功能的诊疗一体化平台包括:碳基纳米材料例如碳纳米管、药物缀合物、脂肪族聚合物、胶束、囊泡、核-壳结构的纳米颗粒、微泡和负载不同造影剂和药物如肿瘤学领域中的化疗药物的树状大分子等.树状大分子作为一类新型高度可调控的超支化聚合物,现已被开发出多种用于肿瘤诊疗一体化的纳米平台.磁共振成像、γ闪烁扫描技术、计算机断层扫描和光学成像等也成为通过树状大分子发展起来的核心技术用于肿瘤的诊疗.不同的造影剂体系包括Gd(Ⅲ)、^(19)F、Fe_2O_3(MRI)、^(76)Br (PET)、^(111)In、^(88)Y、^(153)Gd、^(188)Re、^(131)I(SPECT)、^(177)Lu、金纳米颗粒(CT)和硼化基团、硅萘酞菁、二烷基羰花青和量子点光学成像染料等也已经被开发使用.