中国现代化进程中的畜禽业变革——民国时期江苏畜禽业的现代性与大众生活需求

Change of Livestock and Poultry Industry in China's Modernization Process——Modernity of Livestock and Poultry Industry and Public Life Needs in Jiangsu During the Period of the Republic of China

立足于社会经济史和畜牧科技史的视角,对民国时期江苏畜禽业的现代性转变进行深入探析。可以发现,进入民国时期以后,江苏沿江城市群逐渐拓展,居民对畜禽产品需求的增长刺激江苏乡村的畜禽业快速发展,出现了"城郊养殖圈",部分传统农户转化为养殖专业户。畜禽消费需求的快速增长同时推动了江苏腹地畜禽业的发展,传统农村出现了种植业、手工业和畜禽业并立的经济结构,从而改变了畜禽业作为副业的传统经济状态。近代江苏畜禽新品种的引进和畜牧科技的推广,保障了江苏畜禽业的持续发展,缓解了人口稠密地区的乡村经济内卷化。

Based on the perspectives of socio-economic history and history of animal husbandry science and technology,an in-depth discussion was conducted on the modernization of livestock and poultry industry in Jiangsu during the period of the Republic of China.In that period,the development of urban groups along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu and residents’ increasing demand for livestock and poultry products stimulated the development of the livestock and poultry industry in rural places in Jiangsu,which emerged the＂suburb husbandry circle＂.Some of the traditional farmers had turned into specialized breeding households.The rapid increase of the demand in livestock and poultry consumption had also promoted the development of the livestock and poultry industry in the hinterland of Jiangsu.The traditional rural economy emerged as an economic structure of farming,handicraft and animal husbandry industry,which had changed the traditional economic status of the livestock and poultry industry as a sideline.The introduction of new breeds of livestock and poultry in modern Jiangsu and the popularization of animal husbandry technology had ensured the continued development of the livestock and poultry industry in Jiangsu and overcome the economic involution in densely populated areas.