三种不同天然木质纤维素材料降解过程中物种种类、组成和多样性的对比分析

Comparative Analysis on Population Composition, Structure and Diversity of Species Involved in Degradation of Different Lignocellulosic Materials

木质纤维素是地球上存储量最多的可再生碳源,开发以木质纤维类为原料的清洁能源,是未来亟待解决的重大课题之一。为探讨真核生物对木质纤维素降解的影响,本文通过PCR克隆文库构建,克隆测序并结合RDP真菌分类鉴定,对小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆及木材腐烂样品中真核生物的群落结构组成、核心种群以及多样性进行分析。结果表明Opisthokonta(55%)和SAR(36.1%)是最主要的优势群,多样性也最为丰富,其次为Archaeplastida(0.3%)及未定义真核生物等。对同时期三个样品的对比分析表明,小麦秸秆中真核生物的丰度和多样性都明显高于玉米秸秆和腐烂树木,并且,小麦秸秆分解期间真核生物的组成和物种多样性更高。在木质纤维素降解过程中不同的微生物担负着不同的功能,对这些微生物的研究将会使木质纤维素降解方面的利用率大大提升。

Lign0cellulose is the most abundant renewable carbon source in the world. In the future, it is one of theimportant problems to be solved to develop clean energy with wood fiber as raw material. In order to investigate theeffect of eukaryotes on the degradation of lignocellulose, by constructing the traditional PCR cloning library, cloningand sequencing combined with RDP fungi classification and identification, the composition of eukaryotic communitystructure and core population and diversity characteristics in wheat straw, corn stalks and wood decay samples wereanalyzed in the paper. The results showed that Opisthokonta（55%） and SAR（36.1%） were the most dominant spe-cies with the highest diversity, followed by Archaeplastida（0.3%） and undefined eukaryotes. The comparative analy-sis of three samples in the same period showed that the abundance and diversity of eukaryotes in wheat straw weresignificantly higher than that of corn stalks and wood decay samples, and the compositions and species diversity ofeukaryotes during wheat straw decomposition were even higher. Different microorganisms carry different functionsduring the degradation of lignocellulose, and the study of these microorganisms will greatly enhance our utilizationin lignocellulose degradation.