介休市2007-2017年丙型肝炎流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological features of hepatitis C in Jiexiu in 2007-2017

目的了解介休市丙型肝炎(简称丙肝)发病趋势和流行特征,为开展丙肝防控工作提供科学依据。方法应用中国疾病预防控制信息系统中丙肝病例报告数据,采用描述性流行病学方法,分析介休市2007-2017年丙肝流行特点。结果 2007-2017年,介休市共报告丙肝754例,年发病率18.6/10万,疫情呈散发。年平均增长速度12.57%;发病率总体呈逐年上升趋势(χ~2趋势=105.05,P<0.01);女性丙肝发病率高于男性(χ~2=5.78,P<0.05)。丙肝发病率整体呈现随年龄增长趋势(χ~2趋势=567.11,P<0.01)。城区丙肝发病率高于农村(χ~2=193.20,P<0.01)。农民、离退休人员、家务及待业、工人四类人群共602例(79.84%)。结论介休市丙肝疫情总体呈逐年上升趋势,今后应加强对大众丙肝防治知识的健康教育,并结合艾滋病高危人群干预工作加强丙肝筛查与宣教;医疗部门提高丙肝报告准确率并规范治疗,防止丙肝慢性化危害。

Objective To understand the trends and epidemiotogical characteristics of Hepatitis C in Jiexiu city, and to provide scientific evidence for disease prevention and control. Methods Data of hepatitis C cases re- ported in China Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2007 to 2017 were collected and ana- lyzed using descriptive epidemiological method for epidemiological characteristics. Results From 2007 to 2017, a total of 754 cases with Hepatitis C were reported in Jiexiu city with the annual incidence of 18.6 per 100 000 and the annual increase of 12.57%. The incidence showed an upward trend （χ^2=105.05, P〈0.01）. The incidence of Hepatitis C in women was higher than that in men （χ^2=5.78, P〈0.05）. The overall inci- dence of hepatitis C showed an increasing trend with age （χ^2= 567. 11, P〈0.01）. The incidence of Hepatitis C in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas （χ^2=193.20, P〈0.01）. Most patients were farmers, retirees, house workers and unemployed, workers and others, accounting for 79.84% of total cases. Conclusions The overall incidence of Hepatitis C in Jiexiu city increases each year, therefore, public health education on the prevention and treatment of Hepatitis C should be strengthened, especially among those with HIV/ AIDS. Medical institutions should improve the accuracy of hepatitis C diagnosis, reporting and standardize treatment to prevent the deterioration of hepatitis C.